作者：肖恒
来源：《福建师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第5期
作者简介：厦门大学法学院博士研究生
摘要：立法法理学视野下，立法质量很大程度上取决于政策能否有效转化为法规范。通过政策法律化，立法者将政策分别转化为政策性、原则性与规则性条款三种模式，而不同模式转换的合法律性、合民意性与合规律性有着不同证成要求。就法规范整体而言，不同条款的选择上存在着立法者证明负担水平递减效应，并导致了“向一般条款逃逸”的倾向。有必要通过证明义务分配的方法来抵消这种倾向，如果立法者决定不采用更具体、明确的条款则应给出理由。通过政策法律化的证成来提高立法质量，是新时代立法工作对立法法理学提出的一项全新课题。
关键词：政策法律化；法律证成；立法法理学
Abstract: On the perspective of legisprudence, the quality of legislation largely depends on whether policies can be transformed into legal norms effectively. Through the process of law making from policy, legislators have transformed policies into three different models: the policy clauses, the principle clauses and the rule clauses, while it puts forward different requirements for the legality, the substantial democracy and the regularity of different models. As far as legal norms as a whole are concerned, there is a diminishing effect of the burden of proof on legislators in the choice of different legal clauses, which leads to the tendency of "escaping to general provisions". It is necessary to offset this tendency by allocating the burden of proof. If legislators decide not to adopt more specific and explicit clauses, they should give reasons. In the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, it is a brand-new research subject for legisprudence, which put forward by legislative practice, to improve the quality of legislation by justify law making from policy.
Key words: Law Making from Policy; Legal Justification; Legisprudence
